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Pool Heat Pumps

Pool Heat Pumps

Did you know? Unlike natural gas or propane pool heaters, a pool heat pump can’t generate its own heat. This might sound strange at first — how else is a heat pump supposed to warm your pool water?!

Instead, heat pumps draw warmth from the surrounding air and simply transfer it to the pool. This process of transferring heat makes heat pumps more energy efficient than other types of pool heaters. Considering the significant energy savings, many pool owners are trading in their old gas pool heaters for a shiny new heat pump. But is it worth the upgrade? A lot of it depends on your location, budget, and the heating needs of your pool. Let’s take a closer look, shall we?

How Does a Pool Heat Pump Work?

It’s easiest to compare a heat pump to an air conditioner. In fact, they both look quite similar, and many internal components are the same. Much like an AC unit for your home, a pool heat pump simply transfers heat from one place to another using electricity and refrigerant.

First, a fan draws warm ambient air across an evaporator coil, which holds cool liquid refrigerant. Heat from the surrounding air is absorbed by the refrigerant, and it is converted into gas vapor as it heats up. This warm, low-pressure gas then goes through a compressor to increase pressure, and the vapor becomes quite hot. From the compressor, this hot, high-pressure vapor makes its way to the condenser.

As the hot refrigerant vapor makes its way through the condenser coil, its heat energy is transferred to the pool water surrounding the coil, and the refrigerant vapor is converted back into a liquid state. This high pressure liquid then passes through an expansion valve, and the cooled, low pressure liquid refrigerant then returns to the evaporator so the process can start again.

The fan continues to draw warm air across the evaporator coil, while blowing cool air out the top of the unit. At the same time, the heat pump pulls a continuous stream of cool water across the condenser coil to absorb the heat, and warm water is returned to the pool.

If you happen to purchase a reversible heat-cool model, this process can be reversed to cool the pool instead of heating it. Instead of drawing warmth out of the surrounding air, this reverse setting will extract warmth from the water and expel it from the top of the unit, effectively cooling the water.